|
|status = Active |sites = Site 109/95, Baikonur LC-13, Yasny |first= 21 April 1999 |last= |launches = 22 |success = 21 |fail = 1 |partial = |stagedata = }} The Dnepr rocket (; ) is a space launch vehicle named after the Dnieper River. It is a converted ICBM used for launching artificial satellites into orbit, operated by launch service provider ISC Kosmotras. The first launch, on April 21, 1999, successfully placed UoSAT-12, a 350 kg demonstration mini-satellite, into a 650 km circular Low Earth orbit.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Dnepr launcher )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=UoSAT-12 Integrates with Dnepr for Launch on 21 April )〕 == History == The Dnepr is based on the R-36MUTTH Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM)called the ''SS-18 Satan'' by NATOdesigned in the 1970s by the Yuzhnoe Design Bureau in Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, which was then a part of the USSR. The Dnepr control system was developed and produced by the JSC "Khartron", Kharkiv. The Dnepr is a three-stage rocket using storable hypergolic liquid propellants. The launch vehicles used for satellite launches have been withdrawn from ballistic missile service with the Russian Strategic Rocket Forces and stored for commercial use. A group of a total of 150 ICBMs were allowed under certain geopolitical disarmament protocols to be converted for use, and can be launched through 2020. The Dnepr is launched from the Russian-controlled Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan and the Dombarovsky launch base, near Yasny, in the Orenburg region of Russia. In February 2015, following a year of strained relations as a result of a Russian military intervention into Ukraine, Russia announced that it would sever its "joint program with Ukraine to launch Dnepr rockets and () no longer interested in buying Ukrainian Zenit boosters, deepening problems for () space program and its struggling Yuzhmash factory."〔 〕 However ISC Kosmotras reported that they would continue to fulfill its obligations for three Dnepr launches in 2015.〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dnepr-1」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|